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07.02.2012 07:17

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Dear Friends, Here bellow you can ask your questions which will be answered briefly by our TECHNOLOGICAL consultant, Mr. Frank Pantzaris, a well known expert and consultant in tropical oils based in England.

You can ask ONLY TECHNOLOGICAL general questions that can be easy to answer (something like FAQ). Please do not ask questions about prices and companies. All questions pls send to info@palmoil.com with a mark "Q&A".

"I am taking this opportunity to request all people who ask me questions to help me, if possible, by telling me something about their background and country so that I might phrase my answers accordingly. For example, students, technologists and traders need a different kind of explanation. Regards, FP."

754	Dear Mr. Frank, We started manufacturing of cake margarine and while producing following problems encountered. 1. After about 7 days of production margarine is subjected to post hardening. We are maintaing SFC at 20 degree - 28-30% and at 30 degree - 12-14%. 2. Whipping quality is not good. (we are using 0.3% of polyglycerol esters). 3. Cake is not lifiting properly. I greatefully apreciate if you could give any solution for these problems. Thanks	Chan
Dear Mr Chan, It seems you will have to change your processing conditions or your formula, or both. regards, FP (14.04.2010)
753	Dear Mr. Frank, My company is planning to invest into large-scale palm oil production and extraction units in Africa. Could you please tell some essential background checks that must be made before venturing out in the business? Thanks & Regards, Vivek.	Vivek
Dear Mr Vivek, You cannot be serious in ecpecting me to give you the essential checks required before embarking on large scale oil palm plantations and extraction as well, in some unknown country in Africa, in the space of a few lines. Companies are spending thousnds of dollars commissioning such investigations. But the gist of it is to check that you have the right climate, the right soil, the right manpower, a good market and suficient capital. Regards, FP (14.04.2010)
752	Please help me by giving the answer of my questions? What are the theoretical values of the followings? 1. Calorific Value of Palm Oil? 2. Calorific Value of the blend of 25 % palm oil & 75% diesel? 3. Viscosity of palm oil at 40°C?	Surajit Dutta
Dear Mr Surajit, 1) The CV of PO is 39,410 KJ/Kg (gross); 2) The CV of 25/75 PO/ diesel oil blend is 44,200 KJ/Kg (gross); 3) The viscosity of PO is 21 cSt at 60C. No values have been reported below this temperature since PO still has a lot of solid at 40C. All the above data are based on single sampes as no systemtic studies been done by MPOB or any one else. Regards, FP (14.04.2010)
751	Good Day, Price for palm kernel oil in the BMD main page is for Crude Palm kernel oil or RBD palm kernel oil? thank you in Advance	Mohamad Bathich
The prices you see from BMD are for the crude oils unless otherwise specified, so be careful with what you read. But note that only PO has contracts for both crude and RBD grades. Regards, FP (14.04.2010)
750	Greetings from Colombia, South America. I would like to ask about the “palm kernel oil” as compared in chemical composition and nutritional value for animal feeding of these two oils. Recently we received a batch of a reddish colored, non pasty, completely liquid “palm kernel oil.” (As opposed to regular, pasty palm oil). From its physical properties and appearance it seems to be a much more unsaturated oil tan regular palm oil. I would expect it to have a higher metabolic energy value than palm oil and to be much more unsaturated? I understand it is extracted from the outer “flesh” of the palm nut while regular palm oil is obtained form the nut itself? Why is it not normally available for animal feeding or human consumption? What are its common uses? I thank you in advance for the attention given to this communication and remain waiting to hear from you. Regards, Sergio Velez	Sergio Velez
Dear Mr Velez, You are asking too many questions which prevents me from answering each one in greater detail. Unfortunately you appear to be misinformed about PKO. It is derived from the kernel of the palm fruit,while PO is from the fleshy outer part. PKO is more saturated than PO,but has much lower MP because its fatty acids have shorter chain lengths. For the same reason its energy content is also a little lower but they are both equally well metabolised. PKO is essentially a confectionery and also essential for good soap and for lauric based oleo chemicals. On the international market it is usually more expensive than PO, but what you bought seems to be very low grade. Nevertheless, if you suspect adulteration you can check its IV which should be below 20. GLC is even better and if you make compound animal feeds you should have a lab with all these facilities. Regards, FP (31.03.2010)
749	Dear FP, what are the specific heat capacity of crude palm oil? is that same for bleached oil and refined oil? Is that specific heat is constant at all temperature pr varies with temperature? Thanks in advance.	Kaviarasu Lokanathan
Dear Mr Kaviarasu, All grades of PO have the same heat capacity because their chemical composition is essentially the same. The other parts of this question I have answered in my answer to your previous question. Regards, FP (31.03.2010)
748	Dear MR FK, my question is what is the specific heat capasity of crude palm oil? is that value is constant at any temperature? regards, -kavi-	Kaviarasu
Dear Mr Kaviarasu The value has not been determined accurately but it is about 0.5 Kcal/kg. There is some variation with temperature but for most purposes it can be neglected. If you need it more accurately, you must determine it. Regards, FP (31.03.2010)
747	A plant processing Nigerian cocoa beans has reported increase in the level of FFA during bean processing (Nib roasting, milling, butter extraction, filtering) Generally the beans in that plant are of average/poor quality. With FFA value being around 2.5 What could be reason for this and what could be done to avoid this? I have a process engineering background. Thanks	Chhaya, Prashant
Dear Mr Prashant, As you mentioned, there are 4 processes involved and things can be done incorrectly in each of them. The factory in question must send a quality control man to check the FFA before and after each process and so pin point the cause It is also possible that there is a wide variation in the FFA of the nib entering the roasting process and the average initial FFA is not known accurately. Regards, FP (31.03.2010)
746	I want to know what happens to palm trees that are non productive anymore because i know the productive age of palm trees are between the ages of 8 and 25 years and after that there should be a replanting in malaysia. i want to know what you use the palm trees thast are to be cut dwon for new plantation to begine. do you just cut them and throw it away or burnt them.	samuel donkor
Dear Mr Donkor, Palm tees are cut down after about 25 years, not 8 years, as they reach the end of their economic life. In Malaysia this gives over 20 million trunks annually and it is up to the individual companies what to do with them. The wood is soft, weak and fibrous and not suitable for furniture or construction. The MPOB is continuously researching new uses. Currently, some is made into chip board, some is burnt for fuel, but most of it is left on the ground to rot and enrich the soil, an excellent use in my opinion. Soil is a living material and needs organic matter for its structure. Regards, FP (31.03.2010)
745	Good morning Mr. Frank Pantzaris, It seems that crude palm oil out of Africa is cheaper than the one from Azia. Can you pls explain the price difference. Best regards, Ron van Frederikslust	Ronny van Frederikslust
Dear Mr Frederikslust, Your questions are not on technology and very near borderline . If you are sure the cheap sellers you have found are offering PO to the same speciication as the established traders from S.E Asia, that the oil will arrive at the agreed time, the agreed quality and quantity, and the sellers will compensate you for your losses if they default, then go ahead. Regards, FP (29.03.2010)
744	Dear Mr Frank, I am a Malaysian and is very new to oil palm plantations. I just graduated and will be helping my family manage their oil palm plantations. These are inherited plantations thus no one is really managing them. Can you direct me to any useful websites / books to the facts and figures of oil palm and their yield and any things that I should learn before taking on this project. Thank you very much!	Charleen Koh
Dear Ms Koh, You cannot learn plantation management form websites. MPOB in Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor and any university in Malaysia have libraries with many good books on the subject. Visit them, see what you like and order one or two from a book seller. If you can also get a job as a management trainee at one of the great Malaysian Oil Palm plantation companies for a couple of years that will be ideal. Regards, FP (29.03.2010)
743	I live in Amsterdam The Netherlands, I find the palmoil business very interesting, since it is growing and there is a big media attention for cspo. Therefore i'm looking for opportunities to buy and sell. Since i have no experience in this business, its hard to find my way. Can you pls put me in the right direction? Best regards, Ron	Ron van Frederikslust
Dear Mr Frederikslust, I think there are great opportunities in the oils and fats trade because the market is expanding, especially PO which is the fastest growing oil of all. If you want to enter this trade, I recommend you get a job with a good broker trading in PO, for 2-3 year, at any salary learn the job well and make connections.. At the same time learn some book keeping so that you can know where you stand financially. Good luck. Regards, FP (29.03.2010)
742	In October Nestle, the world's largest food company, and British retailer Marks & Spencer announced they would use only ICOPE certified sustainably produced palm oil by 2015. Is all palm oil producers need to be certified by ICOPE by 2015 in order to sell to EU? Who are certified producers in Malaysia and Indonesia? Regards Lim Keng Share holder.	Lim Keng
Dear Mr Keng, I am not sure where exactly ICOPE stand on the question of sustainable PO but I believe the main certifying body is the Round Table For Sustainable PO. Following pressure from Greenpeace, both Unilever and Nestle have, to their credit, announced they have stopped buying from a particular Indonesian company because of its jungle destroying practices. The EU is moving towards obligatory sustainable PO but the 2015 date only applies to oil for biodiesel. As I constantly keep repeating, I cannot give you any names of companies to buy from, on this website. Regards, FP (23.03.2010)
741	What is the purpose of bleaching palm oil? Does bleaching including removing the carotene content? TQ	darren
Dear Mr Darren, The purpose of bleaching CPO is to remove its colour and produce a white fat which is believed to be preferred by consumers, although I greatly doubt that belief my self. But the colour is also unavoidably destroyed by the very high temperature during the deodorisation process. Virtually all the colour in PO is carotenoids, and mostly beta carotene (pro vitamin A). Regards, FP (23.03.2010)
740	Dear Sir, Kindly let us know which Grade of RBD Palm Oil/RBD Palm Olein is suitable for mayonnaise production. If you have any other information about oil that we use in mayonnaise production then let us know ASAP. Waiting for your reply. Thanks & Regds J.K. Interntional	Haris Khan
Dear Mr Khan, In Europe and US, mayonnaise is usually made with soybean oil. If you have to use one of PO grades, the nearest one is super olein, but I do not know how the consumers in your country will like it. Regards, FP (23.03.2010)
738	Good Evening Frank, I am a Ghanaian where Palm Oil production is a major activity. I have decided to enter into soap production as a big time business in country. As you are aware palmoil is a major ingredient in soap making, and Ghana is abound in this raw material. My question is this - can the usage of unrefined (Red) palm oil make the right soap for public consumption,; and if not, is there a way out to refine the Red palmoil without resorting to the high-tech process, since I do not have the necessary resources to buy the refinery machine.What about deodorizer. Thank you.	Joseph Amos
Dear Mr Amos, Ghana is indeed making rapid progress in PO production and I note you are also doing some significant exports. Soap made from CPO will be dark and with strong palmy smell while soap from RBDPO will be pale creamy/white with very little smell There is a market for all soap qualities at the right price and it is for you to decide which market you want to serve. There is no way of producing good quality RBDPO without the right plant, otherwise no one would waste his money buying it.. But you do not have to refine your own PO, you can buy it. Regards, FP (22.03.2010)
736	The oil palm tree is native to liberia and is traditionally the main source of edible oil. I am a chemist and wish to conduct the specification tests required by the ISO for the export of edible palm oil internationally. Could you please list these tests and the limits for each parameter?	Frankie Cassell
Dear Mr Cassell, You have asked 2 identical questions so I am only showing this one. The edible grade of PO is the RBDPO and it is normally traded according to the PORAM standards. No one has ever asked me for the ISO standards. I cannot give you the full standards of any organisation because of copyright laws and sometimes they are also too long. If you want any one''s standards you must write to them and pay their fees if necessary. Regards, FP (12.03.2010)
734	Hello, I´d like to know what is the gross and lower calorific value of Palm Acid Oil?	Alexandre
Dear Mr Alexandre, The value given in books is 9400 kcal/kg without any indication if it is the higher or the lower one. But it is usually the lower. Regards, FP (12.03.2010)
732	Frank, Currently, I am doing project on the costing in plantation (oil palm) industry. So, i would like to know thw process in planting a palm tree and what is the material will be used? Thank in advance...	Edmund Yuan
Dear Mr Yuan, If you are not familiar with oil palm planting, I do not recommend you attempt costings on the basis of a short description I can give you here. There are many requirements in nurseries, land preparation, fertiliser, watering, labour etc. This is a subject on which I give many consultations to investment companies and commercial banks. I can book you in for a private consultation by telephone, if you care to contact me privately, or you can of course contact other consultants, Regards, FP (12.03.2010)
730	Is it allowed and safe from healt point of veiw to use palm stearin in making hydrogenated vegtable ghee?	nizar Al-Ahlabi
Dear Mr Al-Ahlabi, RBD palm stearin is safe to eat but it is not hydrogenated and so you must use some other, hydrogenated oil in the formula as well. In different countries the formulation and specification of vanaspati is covered by different regulations and you have not told me where you are, so I cannot help you further. Regards, FP (12.03.2010)

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